Whakamārama roriHe wāhanga nui tēnei o te whakamahere tāone me te whakawhanaketanga hanganga. Ehara i te mea ka whakapai ake i te tirohanga a ngā taraiwa me ngā kaihaerere anake, engari he mea nui anō hoki ki te whakarite i te haumaru i ngā wāhi tūmatanui. I te tipu haere me te whanaketanga o ngā tāone, he mea nui te mārama ki ngā tawhā rama rori mō te hoahoa me te whakatinanatanga whai hua. Ka tirohia hōhonu e tēnei tuhinga ngā tawhā matua e tautuhi ana i te rama rori, kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia o ngā kaiwhakamahi rori katoa.
1. Taumata Whakamārama
Ko tētahi o ngā tawhā matua o te whakamārama rori ko te taumata māramatanga, e inehia ana i roto i te lux. E pā ana tēnei ki te nui o te māramatanga e taka ana ki runga i tētahi mata. He rerekē ngā taumata māramatanga e hiahiatia ana mō ngā momo rori rerekē. Hei tauira, ko ngā huarahi tere me nui ake ngā taumata māramatanga i ngā tiriti noho. Ka whakaratohia e te Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) he aratohu e tohu ana i ngā taumata māramatanga e taunakitia ana mō ngā momo rori rerekē kia pai ai te tirohanga mō te whakatere haumaru.
2. Te ōritetanga
Ko te ōritetanga tētahi atu tawhā matua i roto i te hoahoa rama rori. Ka ine i te ōritetanga o te tohatoha mārama i roto i tētahi rohe. Ko te ōritetanga teitei e tohu ana i te tohatoha ōrite o te mārama, ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā ira pōuri ka puta he tūponotanga haumaru. Ka tatauhia te ōritetanga mā te wehewehe i te māramatanga iti rawa ki te māramatanga toharite. Mō te rama rori, ko te ōwehenga o te 0.4, neke atu rānei, e kiia ana he pai, kia tika ai te māramatanga o ngā rohe katoa.
3. Taupū Whakaputa Tae (CRI)
Ko te taupū whakaatu tae (CRI) he ine i te tika o te whakaatu a te pūtake mārama i ngā tae ki te whakataurite ki te mārama taiao. Mō te whakamārama rori, he pai ake te CRI teitei ake nā te mea ka taea e ngā taraiwa me ngā kaihaerere te kite tika ake i te tae, he mea nui tēnei mō te tautuhi i ngā tohu huarahi, ngā tohu rori, me ētahi atu tohu tirohanga nui. Mō ngā whakamahinga whakamārama rori, ko te CRI o te 70, neke atu rānei, te tikanga e taunakihia ana.
4. Momo Pūtake Mārama
He nui te pānga o te momo pūtake mārama e whakamahia ana i roto i te rama rori ki te pai o te whakamahinga o te pūngao, ngā utu tiaki me te mahi whānui. Ko ngā pūtake mārama noa ko te konutai pēhanga teitei (HPS), te halide konganuku (MH), me ngā diode whakaputa mārama (LED).
- Konutai Pēhanga Teitei (HPS): E mōhiotia ana mō tōna mārama kōwhai, he pai te penapena hiko mō ngā rama HPS, ā, he roa hoki te ora mahi. Heoi, nā te iti o te taupū tae ka uaua te tautuhi tae.
- Metal Halide (MH): He mā ake te mārama o ēnei rama, ā, he nui ake te CRI, e pai ai mō ngā wāhi e tino hiahiatia ana te tautuhi tae. Heoi, he nui ake te pūngao e pau ana, ā, he poto ake te roa o te ora i ngā rama konutai pēhanga teitei.
- Ngā Pūhiko Whakaputa Marama (LED): Kei te piki haere te rongonui o ngā LED nā te mea he pai te whakamahi i te pūngao, he roa te ora, ā, he whānui hoki ngā pāmahana tae e tukuna ana. Ka taea hoki e rātou te whakahaere pai ake i te tohatoha o te mārama, te whakaiti i te parahanga mārama me te kanapa.
5. Teitei o te Pou me te Wāhi
He mea nui te teitei me te tawhiti o ngā pou rama e pā ana ki te pānga o te whakamārama rori. Ka taea e ngā pou teitei te whakamārama i tētahi wāhi nui ake, engari ko ngā pou poto ake me tata ake te tawhiti kia tutuki ai te taumata hipoki ōrite. Ko te teitei me te tawhiti tino pai e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo rori, te pūtake mārama e whakamahia ana me ngā taumata whakamārama e hiahiatia ana. Mā te whakatakotoranga tika o ngā pou rama ka whakaitihia ngā atarangi, ā, ka whakarite kia tae te mārama ki ngā wāhi katoa o te rori.
6. Whakahaere i te Kanapa
He take nui te kanapa i roto i ngā rama rori nā te mea ka whakararu i te tirohanga, ā, ka puta he āhuatanga taraiwa morearea. Kei roto i te hoahoa rama rori whai hua ngā mahi hei whakaiti i te kanapa, pērā i te whakamahi i ngā taputapu ārai, te tuku rānei i te mārama ki raro. Ko te whāinga kia tika te rama, me te kore e whakararuraru i ngā taraiwa, i ngā kaihaerere rānei. He mea nui te whakahaere i te kanapa i roto i ngā tāone nui kei reira ngā rama tiriti e tata ana ki ngā whare noho me ngā pakihi.
7. Te Whai Hua o te Pūngao
I te mea kua piki haere ngā āwangawanga mō te whakapaunga pūngao me te pānga ki te taiao, kua noho te whai huatanga o te pūngao hei tawhā matua i roto i te hoahoa rama rori. Mā te whakamahi i ngā puna rama penapena pūngao pēnei i ngā rama LED ka taea te whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao me ngā utu whakahaere. Hei tāpiri, mā te whakauru i ngā hangarau rama atamai, pēnei i ngā pūnaha rama urutau e whakarerekē ana i te kanapa i runga i ngā āhuatanga o te waka, ka taea te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te pūngao.
8. Te Tiaki me te Pumau
He mea nui ngā whakaritenga tiaki me te roa o ngā rama rori kia whakaarohia. Me hoahoa ngā pūnaha rama kia ngāwari te uru atu hei whakahaere i te tiaki me te whakaiti i te wā kore mahi. Hei tāpiri, me pakari ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana hei hanga rama, ā, me ātete ki te huarere kia tu atu ai ki ngā āhuatanga taiao. Me whakawhanake he kaupapa tiaki auau hei whakarite kia mau tonu te mahi me te whai hua o ngā pūnaha rama i roto i te wā.
9. Pānga ki te Taiao
Hei whakamutunga, kāore e taea te wareware i te pānga o te rama rori ki te taiao. Ko te parahanga mārama, e kino ana ki ngā rauropi me te hauora o te tangata, he āwangawanga e tipu haere ana i ngā tāone nui. Mā te hoahoa i ngā pūnaha rama rori e whakaiti ana i te maringi o te mārama me te kanapa ka āwhina i te whakaiti i ēnei pānga. Hei tāpiri, mā te whakamahi i ngā hangarau penapena pūngao ka āwhina i te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro, ā, he rite tonu ki ngā whāinga whanaketanga tauwhiro.
Hei whakamutunga
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko ngā tawhā rama rori e kapi ana i te whānuitanga o ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te haumaru, te tirohanga me te pānga ki te taiao. Mā te whakaaro ki ngā taumata rama, ngā ōwehenga ōrite, te momo pūtake rama, te teitei me te tawhiti o ngā pou, te whakahaere i te kanapa, te whai huatanga o te pūngao, te tiaki me ngā pānga ki te taiao, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahere tāone me ngā kaihangarau te hoahoa i ngā pūnaha rama rori whai hua hei whakapai ake i te haumaru me te kounga o te oranga o ngā kaiwhakamahi rori katoa. I te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau, ko tete heke mai o te rama rorie tika ana kia nui ake te whai huatanga, kia pumau hoki, ka whakatakoto i te ara mō ngā taiao tāone haumaru ake, oraora ake hoki.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-31-2024
